The symptoms of people with kidney failure

                                        #Fatigue and weakness#

Kidney failure or renal failure is a serious medical condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to effectively filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. Symptoms vary depending on the severity of the condition, but they are all caused by the kidneys' inability to perform their normal functions, including regulating fluid balance, filtering waste, and maintaining electrolyte levels. Here, we will explore the common symptoms of kidney failure and how they manifest in affected individuals.This occurs because the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream. As a result, toxins accumulate in the body, leading to a general feeling of malaise, weakness, and low energy. This fatigue can be debilitating, making it difficult for individuals to perform regular tasks or physical activities.When they fail, excess fluid can accumulate in the tissues, causing swelling. This condition, known as edema, occurs because the kidneys cannot effectively excrete sodium and water, leading to fluid retention. Edema may be particularly noticeable upon waking in the morning, as fluid accumulates in the lower extremities during the night.

          #Changes in urine output#

A noticeable change in urine output is a major symptom of kidney failure. Some people with kidney failure may produce less urine than normal (oliguria), while others may produce more urine than normal, especially at night (nocturia). In severe cases of kidney failure, some individuals may stop urinating altogether (anuria). Along with changes in volume, the color and appearance of urine may also change. It may become darker or appear cloudy, and there may be blood in the urine (hematuria), which may indicate a problem in the kidneys or urinary tract.Kidney failure can cause excess fluid to build up in the body, including in the lungs. This fluid accumulation, known as pulmonary edema, can cause shortness of breath, especially during physical activity or when lying flat. Additionally, kidney failure can cause an imbalance in electrolytes such as potassium and sodium, which can affect the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently, further leading to respiratory difficulties.

               #High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)#

The kidneys help regulate blood pressure by controlling the balance of salt and fluid in the body. When the kidneys fail, this regulation is disrupted, leading to high blood pressure. Chronic high blood pressure (hypertension) is both a cause and a consequence of kidney failure. It can further worsen kidney damage, creating a vicious cycle. People with kidney failure often experience high blood pressure, which can also contribute to other complications, including heart disease and stroke.When toxins accumulate in the blood due to kidney failure, many people with kidney failure experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. The accumulation of waste products in the bloodstream can irritate the stomach and digestive tract, causing these uncomfortable symptoms. The person may feel full soon after eating, or lose their appetite altogether, leading to unintentional weight loss.Itching, also known as pruritus, is a common symptom of kidney failure. It is often caused by the accumulation of waste products such as urea in the bloodstream. When the kidneys are unable to filter these toxins, they can accumulate in the skin, causing irritation and itching. Itching is usually most noticeable on the back, arms, and legs, and can be severe enough to interfere with daily activities and sleep.In the later stages of kidney failure, the buildup of waste products (uremia) in the blood can affect brain function. People with kidney failure may become confused, have trouble thinking clearly, or experience changes in their mental status. This is particularly worrisome because it can mimic symptoms of other conditions, such as dementia or delirium, making it important to consider kidney function when diagnosing these symptoms.

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